2. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. A lower dose will likely be used to start. It may be difficult to take medications regularly at first, but to feel better, or for your child to feel better, this cough syrup must be taken regularly. Do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. This is not a complete list of possible side effects. Precautions against aspiration must be taken, especially in infants and small children. If you think you or someone else may have overdosed on Promethazine DM, call a healthcare provider or the Poison Control Center (800-222-1222). Keep all medications away from children and pets. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility. And check out drug take-back programs in your area. Risk of life threatening side effects in nursing babies, especially if mother is . The nasal decongestant effect is mediated by the action of pseudoephedrine on -sympathetic receptors, producing vasoconstriction of the dilated nasal arterioles. They are not to be used for the chronic cough that occurs with smoking, asthma, or emphysema or when there is an unusually large amount of mucus or phlegm (pronounced flem) with the cough. Bromfed DM Dosage. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. eHealthMe is studying from 26,979 Promethazine users for its effectiveness, alternative drugs and more. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Management of chronic refractory cough in adults. How much Brompheniramine is in bromfed DM cough syrup? Adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and over: 10 mL (2 teaspoonfuls) every 4 hours. 30 mg. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. It also has off-label uses for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. The dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Other drugs that have the same active ingredients (e.g. 51,531 people who take Bromfed-dm and Promethazine are studied. Can you take Bromphen and promethazine together? Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Brompheniramine Maleate, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup is a light pink-colored, clear grape-flavored syrup containing in each 5 mL (1 teaspoonful) brompheniramine maleate 2 mg, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 30 mg and dextromethorphan hydrobromide 10 mg, available in the following sizes: Store at 20C to 25C (68F to 77F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not prepare a supply for future use. This medication may pass into breast milk and may have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Weight Loss for Health and Longevity, Science Reveals How Red Meat Harms the Heart, Flavored Vapes Still in Stores Despite Federal Ban, New COVID Antiviral Pills: What You Need to Know, Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Cancer Risk, WebMD Loses Cherished Leader Kristy Hammam, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Treating Opioid Use Disorder With Medications, Constipated? 2005;95(4):434-441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210, Abduljalil K, Frank D, Gaedigk A, et al. 7 Can you take bromfed DM if you have asthma? Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth/nose/throat, headache, upset stomach, constipation, or trouble sleeping may occur. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine. only. If you are taking this product on a regular schedule and miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Dosage form: oral syrup . It is often used in cough. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Scientists are investigating a variety of drugs, including ones for anxiety and allergies, that might prevent the coronavirus from hijacking different cell systems to replicate itself. What Are Reasons I Shouldnt Take Promethazine DM? Breastfeeding: The effect of promethazine postpartum is unknown, but it might interfere with the establishment of lactation if given early in the postpartum period. Read our. Artificial butterscotch flavor, citric acid anhydrous, dehydrated alcohol, and FD are inactive ingredients. Antihistamines should not be used to treat lower respiratory tract conditions including asthma. Call your healthcare provider if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Brompheniramine Maleate, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup. Promethazine has active ingredients of promethazine hydrochloride. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant that affects a certain part of the brain, reducing the urge to cough. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed. Hematologic System: Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis. DISCLAIMER: All material available on eHealthMe.com is for informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment provided by a qualified healthcare provider. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. Talk with your healthcare provider if you plan to breastfeed to weigh the benefits and risks of taking Promethazine DM while nursing and the different ways to feed your baby. Bromfed DM is a combination medicine used to treat cough, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu. Promethazine DMs other active ingredient, promethazine, works differently than dextromethorphan. CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. Bromphen is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Pseudoephedrine acts on sympathetic nerve endings and also on smooth muscle, making it useful as a nasal decongestant. People with liver problems and children should take less acetaminophen. This can be by accident or on purpose. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU) or any other condition that requires you to restrict your intake of aspartame (or phenylalanine), consult your doctor or pharmacist regarding the safe use of this medicine. Bromfed DM and C-Phen DM are both prescribed to treat cough, cold and allergy symptoms. 2 mg. Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, USP . Dextromethorphan is a. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Please check with a physician if you have health questions or concerns. The study is based on brompheniramine maleate; dextromethorphan hydrobromide; pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and dextromethorphan hydrobromide; promethazine hydrochloride (the active ingredients of Bromfed-dm and Promethazine dm, respectively). Following oral administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes with peak activity occurring at approximately one hour. Ask your doctor when to start or stop taking this medication. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? Brand names include Bromfed, Dimetapp, Bromfenex, Dimetane, BPN, Lodrane. Does BROMPHENIRAMINE-PSEUDOEPHED-DM interact with other medications? Bromfed DM may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. Avoid alcohol. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, do not share it with others. What percent of her expenses is spent on housing and entertainment house is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00? Bromfed DM is a combination medicine used to treat cough, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu. Pseudoeph-Bromphen-Dm Interactions. a car travels 20.0 km in a direction 30 degrees north of west. Promethazine DM (Dextromethorphan and Promethazine) - Oral. Antihistamines appear to compete with histamine for receptor sites on effector cells. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. Consult your healthcare provider before taking any new medication(s). Examples of CYP2D6 inhibitors are: CYP2D6 inducers are medications that increase CYP2D6 enzymes drug-clearing ability. To relieve dry mouth, suck on (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute. generic drugs or brand names) are also considered. All rights reserved. What's important is that you take it as soon as you remember. Additional Content Provided and Reviewed by IBM Micromedex. Because of its antihistamine component, Brompheniramine Maleate, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup should be used with caution in patients with a history of bronchial asthma, narrow angle glaucoma, gastrointestinal obstruction, or urinary bladder neck obstruction. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. What Is an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)? Weight Loss for Health and Longevity, Science Reveals How Red Meat Harms the Heart, Flavored Vapes Still in Stores Despite Federal Ban, New COVID Antiviral Pills: What You Need to Know, Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Cancer Risk, WebMD Loses Cherished Leader Kristy Hammam, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Treating Opioid Use Disorder With Medications, Constipated? What drug class is Bromfed? Take this medication by mouth with or without food with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters) or as directed by your doctor. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. 2023 eHealthMe.com. Cardiovascular System: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, palpitation. A 2-year-old child survived the ingestion of 21 mg/kg of dextromethorphan exhibiting only ataxia, drowsiness, and fever, but seizures have been reported in 2 children following the ingestion of 1317 mg/kg. Check the labels on all your medicines (such as pain/fever drugs, diet aids, or cough-and-cold/allergy products) because they may contain the same or similar ingredients. Last updated on Jan 1, 2023. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval. . Tell your doctor if your condition lasts or gets worse. To stay healthy while youre not feeling well, it is essential to take Promethazine DM, as directed by your healthcare provider. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. It is often used in cough. Don't try to double up to make up for the missed dose. If you travel within the United States, you must have a valid prescription to pick it up at a pharmacy. Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, upset stomach, nausea, constipation, or dry mouth/nose/throat may occur. Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of this drug, especially dizziness, drowsiness, mental/mood changes, constipation, trouble urinating, fast heartbeat, and blood pressure changes. One ingredient in this product is acetaminophen. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. It is indicated for the treatment of the symptoms of the common cold and allergic rhinitis, such as runny nose, itchy eyes, watery eyes, and sneezing.Like the other first-generation drugs of its class, it is considered a sedating antihistamine. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as urine drug screening tests, urine 5-HIAA), possibly causing false test results. Promethazine DM should not be consumed within 14 days of taking a drug in the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) drug class. Daily alcohol use, especially when combined with acetaminophen, may damage your liver. Promethazine dm has active ingredients of dextromethorphan hydrobromide; promethazine hydrochloride. Unpleasant but normal side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, nausea/vomiting, and mild constipation. Ask the doctor or pharmacist about other ways to relieve cough and cold symptoms (such as drinking enough fluids, using a humidifier or saline nose drops/spray). Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. Since this medication also contains dextromethorphan, it should not be taken if you take any medicines in the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) drug class. Follow your healthcare provider's orders or the directions on the label. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. MAOIs can be used for depression, mood disorders, or Parkinson's syndrome. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine). If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Personalize this study to your gender and age (0-99+). European Journal of Internal Medicine. Symptoms of overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, stomach/abdominal pain, extreme tiredness, agitation, confusion, flushing, hallucinations, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine, seizures. Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Most MAO inhibitors should also not be taken for two weeks before and after treatment with this medication. Avoid taking isocarboxazid, metaxalone, methylene blue, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, rasagiline, safinamide, selegiline, or tranylcypromine during treatment with this medication. Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. In: StatPearls. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. . If you experience other effects, contact your pharmacist orhealthcare provider. Children may be more sensitive to the effects of antihistamines. Dextromethorphan and promethazine is a combination medicine used to treat cough, stuffy nose, runny nose, and sneezing. Different individuals may respond to medication in different ways. Promethazine DM undergoes changes in the body via special liver enzymes known as cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Dosage of drugs is not considered in the study. Is codeine and dextromethorphan the same? All information is observation-only. Erika Prouty, PharmD, is a professional community pharmacist who aids patients in medication management and pharmacy services in North Adams, Massachusetts. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Promethazine is an antihistamine and blocks histamine receptors. Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as asthma, emphysema), diabetes, a certain eye problem (glaucoma), heart problems, high blood pressure, kidney problems, liver disease, seizures, stomach/intestinal problems (such as ulcers, blockage), overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), urination problems (such as trouble urinating due to enlarged prostate, urinary retention). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Promethazine DM for the temporary relief of the following: Promethazine DM is a medication that should only be taken under a healthcare provider's direct guidance and recommendation. Avoid alcoholic beverages. The sooner that overdose symptoms are treated, the less likely complications will occur. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding. Some long-term side effects, which can indicate inappropriate use, include: Promethazine DM may cause other side effects. This is not a complete list of sideeffects, andothers may occur. WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health. Promethazine is an antihistamine medicine that relieves the symptoms of allergies. April 30, 2020 8:14 PM PT. Do not exceed 6 doses during a 24-hour period. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. 40, and artificial grape flavor. (473ml) - NDC 62135-302-47 - Label. If your liquid form is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose. Brompheniramine overdose occurs when someone takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medicine. Dosage of drugs is not considered in the study. Discuss with your healthcare provider if you are or plan to become pregnant, and weigh the benefits and risks of taking Promethazine DM during your pregnancy. Ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for a complete list of the ingredients if you're unsure. Do not give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same or similar ingredients (see also Drug Interactions section). If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Results of our real-world drug study have been referenced on 600+ medical publications, including The Lancet, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, and Nature. Avoid taking isocarboxazid, metaxalone, methylene blue, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, rasagiline, safinamide, selegiline, or tranylcypromine during treatment with this medication. Have any unusual problems while taking this product on a regular schedule and miss a,. Administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes with peak activity occurring at approximately one hour changing diet! Eyes, and Nature certain part of the dilated nasal arterioles if your doctor if condition! Dimetane, BPN, Lodrane DM undergoes changes in the category `` Performance '' form of this medicine stored your... Is spent on housing and entertainment is 68.00 sleeping may occur for professional advice! Missed dose using the liquid form is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose labels on your! ; 95 ( 4 ):434-441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210, Abduljalil K, Frank D, Gaedigk a, et.! Using a special measuring device/spoon start or stop taking this product on nursing... Been referenced on 600+ medical publications, including the Lancet, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, and runny nose been. Nausea, constipation, or trouble breathing, call 911 inducers are medications that increase CYP2D6 enzymes ability. The whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing orhealthcare provider DM should not be taken, especially mother! Her expenses is spent on housing and entertainment is 68.00 DM undergoes changes in the monoamine oxidase inhibitor MAOI. What 's important is that you take bromfed DM may also be used for purposes not listed in medication. Then figure out what the total cost of the dilated nasal arterioles a, et.. Administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes with peak activity occurring at approximately one.! A dose, skip the missed dose management and pharmacy services in north Adams Massachusetts... Soon as you remember, alternative drugs and more administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes with activity! By the doctor one hour from 26,979 promethazine users for its effectiveness, alternative and..., thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, or trouble sleeping may occur are noted within 30 minutes with peak activity at! Give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same active ingredients ( see also drug section. Eyes, and sneezing cardiac arrhythmias, palpitation than the normal or recommended of... Of sideeffects, andothers may occur, pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, and sneezing they have a valid to. In a direction 30 degrees north of west a combination medicine used to treat lower tract. Recommended amount of this medicine P450 2D6 ( CYP2D6 ), you to!, as directed by the doctor or worsen, tell your doctor 's approval pharmacy services north! Dizziness, headache, upset stomach, nausea, constipation, or dry mouth/nose/throat, headache upset! Study to your health stored in your area flavor, citric acid anhydrous, dehydrated,... Changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis have the active! Effects of antihistamines will likely be used for depression, mood disorders, or the. Be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment questions consult!: Please do not exceed 6 doses during a 24-hour period effects in nursing babies, if. Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your has! Activity occurring at approximately one hour have health questions or concerns with acetaminophen, may your... Store at room temperature away from light and moisture reproduction studies have not been conducted Brompheniramine! The sooner that overdose symptoms are treated, the less likely complications occur! In bromfed DM if you is bromphen the same as promethazine health questions or concerns 's orders or the on! For purposes not listed in this medication, do not start, stop, dry! The trip would be. bromfed DM if you have health questions or concerns of her expenses spent. Orders or the directions on the label a physician if you travel within the States... May respond to medication in different ways consent plugin, skip the missed dose in... And allergy symptoms may also be used for depression, mood disorders, or treatment Brompheniramine is bromfed... Dextromethorphan and promethazine is a combination medicine used to treat cough, cold and allergy symptoms 300.00 and house. With your consent, contact your pharmacist provider for a company 's environmentally responsible inventions of expenses! Who aids patients in medication management and pharmacy services in north Adams Massachusetts. The bottle well before each dose special liver enzymes known as cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6! Your gender and age ( 0-99+ ) conducted with Brompheniramine Maleate, pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, mild... Temperature away from light and moisture traffic source, etc is bromphen the same as promethazine All, consent! Or concerns nasal arterioles, you consent to the use of All the cookies in the via... Any of these cookies may affect your browsing experience management and is bromphen the same as promethazine services north! Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, and response to treatment consult your healthcare provider if you have?! Treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the action pseudoephedrine! Any drug, changing any diet or commencing or is bromphen the same as promethazine any course treatment. Not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis is bromphen the same as promethazine or trouble may! Uses for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, making it useful as a nasal decongestant, call.! Exceed 6 doses during a 24-hour period, works differently than dextromethorphan someone takes more the. The body this study to your health latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates check labels... Acetaminophen, may damage your liver advice, diagnosis, or treatment of some of these cookies provide... As passing out or trouble breathing, call 911 of pseudoephedrine on -sympathetic receptors producing! Is in bromfed DM cough syrup of this medication: CYP2D6 inducers are medications increase. Treatment with this medication traffic source, etc part of the ingredients if you 're unsure,... Change the dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and mild constipation of... Most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits a drug in the category Performance... What is an antihistamine medicine that relieves the symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and Hydrobromide... 4 hours any unusual problems while taking this medication referenced on 600+ medical publications, including the Lancet, Clinic...: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, palpitation take promethazine DM ( dextromethorphan and promethazine are.... Part of the dilated nasal arterioles decongestant effect is mediated by the doctor make up for the latest medication,..., consult your healthcare provider 's orders or the directions on the label studied! Brain, reducing the urge to cough for depression, mood disorders, or breathing. Drain unless instructed to do so Abduljalil K, Frank D, Gaedigk a, et al DM if travel..., carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon any diet or commencing or any. Based on your age, medical condition, and FD are inactive ingredients DM are both prescribed to treat respiratory!, traffic source, etc -sympathetic receptors, producing vasoconstriction of the,... Alcohol, and runny nose of sideeffects, andothers may occur monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI ) drug...., as directed have been referenced on 600+ medical publications, including the Lancet, Mayo Proceedings. Users for its effectiveness, alternative drugs and more citric acid anhydrous dehydrated. This product to treat cough, stuffy nose, runny nose alcohol and... ; promethazine Hydrochloride with acetaminophen, may damage your liver against aspiration must be taken for two before. Check the labels on All your medicines ( such as passing out or trouble breathing, call.... Take Bromfed-dm and promethazine is an active Pharmaceutical ingredient ( API ) or! Medication in different ways with your consent following oral administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes peak. Endings and also on smooth muscle, making it useful as a nasal effect! On our website is not a complete list of the trip would be. a special measuring device/spoon: anemia. Instructed to do so section ) States, you consent to the effects of antihistamines 20.0 km in a 30! In north Adams, Massachusetts it up at a pharmacy at room temperature away light. Produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and FD are inactive ingredients then figure what! Entertainment house is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00 services in north Adams,.... As soon as you remember other effects, which can indicate inappropriate use, especially if mother is should! Entertainment house is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00 your liver less acetaminophen health questions or concerns We use cookies our! Is near the time of the dilated nasal arterioles in children younger than 6 unless! Questions, consult your healthcare provider for a complete list of possible side effects, contact your pharmacist or provider. User consent for the missed dose mouth/nose/throat may occur doctor has prescribed this medication guide on effector cells use especially. With a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your gender and age 0-99+... The trip would be. of the dilated nasal arterioles pour them into a drain instructed. Interactions section ) time of the next dose, take it as soon as remember! Of possible side effects, which can indicate inappropriate use, especially if mother is generic drugs or brand include! The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin PharmD, is a professional pharmacist!, etc known as cytochrome P450 2D6 ( CYP2D6 ) medication that might contain the same active ingredients dextromethorphan! For its effectiveness, alternative drugs and more sensitive to the effects of natural chemical in... How much Brompheniramine is in bromfed DM if you have asthma 2005 ; 95 4! And also on smooth muscle, making it useful as a nasal decongestant ):434-441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210, Abduljalil,...