1. [257], The Châtelperronian in central France and northern Spain is a distinct industry from the Mousterian, and is controversially hypothesised to represent a culture of Neanderthals borrowing (or by process of acculturation) tool-making techniques from immigrating modern humans, crafting bone tools and ornaments. [151][152] Middle Palaeolithic artefacts have been found up to 60°N on the Russian plains,[153][154][155] but these are more likely attributed to modern humans. Required fields are marked *.